Free SQE Mock Test 14 — 20 Questions + Full Answers
Solicitors Qualifying Examination · Trainee solicitors · SQE1 sits: Jan & Jul
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Applaa SQE Mock Test 14
applaa-sqe-mock-14.pdf · 20 questions
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8 of 20 shownCorrect answers highlighted in green. Full explanations included.
A builder (Arthur) contractually agreed to construct a wall for a customer (Zoe) for £5,000. Halfway through the job, the builder states they cannot finish unless the customer pays an extra £1,000. The customer agrees. After completion, the customer refuses to pay the extra £1,000. Under Williams v Roffey Bros, is the promise to pay the extra £1,000 binding?
- A.No, because performing an existing contractual duty can never be good consideration.
- B.Yes, if the customer obtained a practical benefit (such as avoiding a penalty clause to a third party) and there was no economic duress.
- C.No, because a promise to pay more must be approved by the County Court under CPR regulations.
- D.Yes, because oral contracts are automatically binding regardless of consideration.
- E.No, because it violates Section 52 of the Law of Property Act 1925.
✓ Worked Explanation
Core Concept: Consideration and Practical Benefit (Williams v Roffey Bros) The traditional rule (Stilk v Myrick) held that performing an existing contractual duty cannot be good consideration. Williams v Roffey Bros [1990] modified this rule: performing an existing duty CAN be valid consideration if the promisee obtains a 'practical benefit'. Step-by-Step Resolution: 1. Traditional Rule: A builder promising to finish what they're already contractually bound to do provides nothing new - no consi
A driver (Emma) crashes into a pedestrian (Laura) who is crossing the street, causing physical injuries. To establish negligence, the claimant must show that the defendant owed them a duty of care. How does the court establish if a duty of care exists for physical damage caused by positive actions?
- A.By applying the three-stage Caparo test including fair, just, and reasonable criteria in every case.
- B.By finding that the case falls within an established duty category (such as road users to other road users) where a duty is automatically owed (Robinson v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire).
- C.By checking if the defendant signed a voluntary duty registration form.
- D.By proving the defendant intended to cause physical harm.
- E.By allocating the claim to the Fast Track under CPR guidelines.
✓ Worked Explanation
Core Concept: Duty of Care - Established Categories (Robinson v Chief Constable) Not every case requires a full Caparo analysis. The Supreme Court in Robinson v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police [2018] confirmed that where a case falls into an *established duty category*, the duty is owed as a matter of precedent. Step-by-Step Resolution: 1. Is this an Established Category?: A driver ('Emma') causing physical injury to a pedestrian (Laura) through a positive act clearly falls within an e
A claimant (Xavier) makes a valid CPR Part 36 settlement offer to the defendant (Fredrick) of £45,000. The defendant rejects the offer. The case goes to trial, and the claimant wins, obtaining judgment of £51,749. What is the primary costs consequence under Part 36?
- A.The claimant must pay the defendant's costs on the indemnity basis.
- B.The defendant must pay the claimant's costs on the indemnity basis, plus interest on those costs, from the expiry of the relevant offer period.
- C.The court will split the trial costs equally between both parties.
- D.All costs recovery is capped at the Small Claims Track limit.
- E.The defendant is immune to costs penalties because they defended the claim in good faith.
✓ Worked Explanation
Core Concept: CPR Part 36 Offers and Cost Consequences A Part 36 offer is a formal settlement mechanism under CPR. When a claimant's Part 36 offer is beaten at trial (i.e., judgment exceeds the offer), the defendant faces automatic cost penalties designed to encourage early settlement. Step-by-Step Resolution: 1. Xavier's Offer: £45,000 - a valid Part 36 offer. 2. Fredrick's Decision: Rejected the offer and proceeded to trial. 3. Trial Outcome: Xavier wins £51,749 - which *exceeds* the Part 36
A claimant (Liam) has applied for summary judgment against a defendant (Edward) under CPR Part 24. What is the test that the court must apply to determine whether summary judgment should be granted?
- A.The claimant must prove the case beyond all reasonable doubt.
- B.The defendant has no real prospect of successfully defending the claim, and there is no other compelling reason why the case should be disposed of at trial.
- C.The value of the claim must be less than £10,000.
- D.The defendant has failed to acknowledge service of the claim form within 14 days.
- E.The dispute involves questions of international law.
✓ Worked Explanation
Core Concept: Summary Judgment under CPR Part 24 Summary judgment allows a party to obtain judgment *without a full trial* where the opposing party's case has no real prospect of success. It is a cost-effective tool that avoids unnecessary litigation. Step-by-Step Resolution: 1. Who Can Apply: Either the claimant or defendant can apply for summary judgment under CPR Part 24.2. 2. The Test: The court will grant summary judgment if: - The defendant has no real prospect of successfully defendin
A claimant was injured when a defendant (Kate), who was engaged in failing to secure scaffolding, caused an accident. The defendant admits they owed the claimant a duty of care and breached it, but argues that the claimant's own negligence contributed to the injury. Under the Law Reform (Contributory Negligence) Act 1945, what is the legal effect of contributory negligence?
- A.It acts as a complete defense, and the claimant receives no damages.
- B.It reduces the claimant's damages to the extent that is just and equitable, reflecting the claimant's share of responsibility.
- C.It has no effect on damages but requires the claimant to pay the defendant's legal costs.
- D.It shifts the burden of proof to the claimant to show that they took all reasonable precautions.
- E.It renders the claim null and void, requiring allocation to criminal arbitration.
✓ Worked Explanation
Core Concept: Contributory Negligence (Law Reform (Contributory Negligence) Act 1945) Contributory negligence is a partial defence - it does not defeat the claim entirely, but reduces the damages awarded to reflect the claimant's own responsibility for their injury. Step-by-Step Resolution: 1. Identify the Defence: Kate admits negligence but argues the claimant also contributed to their own injury (e.g., not wearing a seatbelt, failing to follow safety instructions). 2. Legal Effect (LRCNA 1945
A customer (Zachary) is walking down a warehouse aisle when a heavy crate falls from a high shelf and injures them. The claimant has no evidence of what exactly caused the crate to fall. Can the claimant rely on the doctrine of 'Res Ipsa Loquitur'?
- A.No, because the claimant must prove the exact negligent act to bring a claim.
- B.Yes, if the thing causing the accident was under the sole control of the defendant, and the accident is one that does not occur in the ordinary course of things without negligence.
- C.No, because Res Ipsa Loquitur only applies to breach of contract claims.
- D.Yes, but the claimant's damages are automatically capped at £10,000.
- E.No, unless the defendant has already been convicted in a criminal court.
✓ Worked Explanation
Core Concept: Res Ipsa Loquitur ('The Thing Speaks for Itself') Res ipsa loquitur is an evidentiary doctrine that *shifts the evidential burden* to the defendant to provide an explanation for an accident. It assists claimants who cannot identify the exact cause of an accident but can show the circumstances make negligence the most probable explanation. Step-by-Step Resolution: 1. Three Requirements (Scott v London and St Katherine Docks [1865]): - The *thing* causing harm was under the defen
A director of Omega Holdings Ltd is considering entering into a contract on behalf of the company where they have a personal interest. Under Section 177 of the Companies Act 2006, what is the director's primary duty regarding this conflict?
- A.They must resign immediately from the board of directors.
- B.They must declare the nature and extent of their interest to the other directors before the transaction is entered into.
- C.They must obtain a court order approving the transaction.
- D.They must transfer their shares in the company to a blind trust.
- E.They must obtain unanimous shareholder consent at a general meeting.
✓ Worked Explanation
Core Concept: Director's Duty to Declare Interest (Section 177 CA 2006) Directors must manage conflicts of interest transparently. Section 177 imposes a *duty to declare* any direct or indirect personal interest in a proposed transaction before the company enters into it - protecting the company from undisclosed self-dealing. Step-by-Step Resolution: 1. Identify the Conflict: The director has a personal interest in the transaction being considered by the board of Omega Holdings Ltd. 2. Apply Se
A business wants to apply for an interim injunction to prevent a competitor (Matthew) from using its trade secrets. According to the guidelines in American Cyanamid Co v Ethicon Ltd, what is the first question the court must consider?
- A.Whether the applicant is willing to pay the court fees.
- B.Whether there is a serious question to be tried.
- C.Whether the defendant has a criminal record.
- D.Whether damages would be an adequate remedy for either party.
- E.Whether the trial can be completed within 6 months.
✓ Worked Explanation
Core Concept: American Cyanamid Test for Interim Injunctions An interim injunction is a temporary court order preventing a party from doing (or requiring them to do) something, pending a full trial. The American Cyanamid test provides a structured three-stage analysis. Step-by-Step Resolution: 1. Stage 1 - Is there a Serious Question to be Tried?: First, establish that the claim is not frivolous or vexatious. There must be a *genuine dispute with arguable merit*. If yes, proceed to stage 2. 2.
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Paper Info
- Exam
- SQE
- Mock number
- 14 of 250
- Questions
- 20
- Format
- Multiple Choice (MCQ)
- Sections
- 1
- Audience
- Trainee solicitors
- Timing
- SQE1 sits: Jan & Jul
- Copyright
- Applaa Proprietary
Sections Covered
- FLK1
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