(A700U20-1) 2 Section A: Language Change Over Time Answer Question 1 and Question 2. Question 1 is divided into four parts: (a), (b), (c) and (d). Answer all parts. The three texts which follow on pages 4-6 are all examples of fiction. Text A is an extract from The Pleasante Historie of John Winchcomb, a novel by Thomas Deloney published in 1597. It is the story of John Winchcomb (known as Jack), a weaver who becomes wealthy through hard work, commitment and honesty. Jack inherits his master’s cloth-making business and becomes a successful merchant – in the sixteenth century, woollen cloth was the main export industry in England. In this extract, Jack meets the father of his bride-to-be. Text B is an extract from Great Expectations, a novel by Charles Dickens published in 1861. It is the story of Pip, who has been brought up by his sister and her husband, a poor blacksmith called Joe. When he is a teenager, Pip is given a fortune by a mysterious benefactor so that he can go to London and become a gentleman. Throughout the novel, Pip describes and reflects on key moments in his life. In this extract, Joe is visiting Pip and his friend Herbert in London. Text C is an extract from Pigeon English, a novel by Stephen Kelman published in 2011. It is the story of Harri Opoku, an eleven-year-old boy who has recently moved to a housing estate in South London from Ghana in Africa. The language he uses blends Ghanaian English with London youth speak. In this extract, Harri describes some of the new experiences he has in London. © WJEC CBAC Ltd. Turn over. A70 0 U201 03 (A700U20-1) 3 1. (a) Identify the word class and archaic spelling patterns of the following words using appropriate terminology. [6] haue (Text A, line 5) poore (Text A, line 8) wooll (Text A, line 12) (b) What do the examples below tell us about language change? Make two points and refer to the examples using appropriate terminology. [4] shee/she (Text A, lines 6/7) nobles (Text A, line 18) (c) Describe the form and the archaic grammatical features of the following examples using appropriate terminology. [4] kind (Text A, line 6) writ (Text A, line 7) (d) Analyse features of the grammatical structure and punctuation that are typical of Early Modern English in the extract from Text A below. Make three points and select a relevant example to support each point. You must use appropriate terminology to describe your examples. [6] Now Jacke of Newberrie being a widower, had the choice of many wiues, mens daughters of good credit and widowes of great wealth. Notwithstanding, he bent his onely like to one of his owne seruants, whom he had tried in the guiding of his house a yeere or two; and knowing her to be carefull in her business, faithful in her dealings, and an Excellent huswife, thought it better to haue her with nothing, than some other with much treasure. [text omitted] Whereupon a Letter was writ to her father, being a poore man dwelling at Alisburie in Buckinghamshire: who being joyfull of his daughters good Fortune speedily came to Newberie, where of her master he was friendly entertained: who shewed him all his seruants at worke, and euery office in his house. [ll.1-10] But, father (quoth Jacke Of Newberie), what will you bestow with her? [l.16] When Jacke heard his Offer, he was straight content, making more reckoning of the womans Modestie than her fathers money; so the marriage day being appointed, all thyngs was prepared for the Wedding … [ll.20-22] © WJEC CBAC Ltd. 2. In your response to the question that follows, you must • explore connections across the texts • consider relevant contextual factors and language features associated with the construction of meaning • demonstrate understanding of relevant language concepts and issues. Analyse and evaluate Texts A, B and C as examples of fiction written to engage and entertain readers of the time. [60] (A700U20-1) 4 TEXT A: from The Pleasante Historie of John Winchcomb, a novel by Thomas Deloney (1597) Now Jacke of Newberrie being a widower, had the choice of many wiues, mens daughters of good credit and widowes of great wealth. Notwithstanding, he bent his onely like to one of his owne seruants, whom he had tried in the guiding of his house a yeere or two; and knowing her to be carefull in her business, faithful in her dealings, and an Excellent huswife, thought it better to haue her with nothing, than some other with much treasure. In the end, he opened his minde vnto her, and craued her good will. The maid (though shee tooke this motion kind) said she would do nothing without consent of her parents. Whereupon a Letter was writ to her father, being a poore man dwelling at Alisburie in Buckinghamshire: who being joyfull of his daughters good Fortune speedily came to Newberie, where of her master he was friendly entertained: who shewed him all his seruants at worke, and euery office in his house. When the old man had seene this great houshold and familie, then he was brought into the Warehouses, some being filled with wooll, some with flockes,1 some with woad and madder,1 and some with kersies1 readie dyed and drest,2 beside a great number of others. Sir (quoth the old man), I wis3 che zee4 you be bominable5 rich, and cham6 content you shall haue my daughter, and Gods blessing and mine light on you both. But, father (quoth Jacke Of Newberie), what will you bestow with her? Marry, heare you (quoth the old man), I cham but a poore man, but I thank God, because che heare very good condemnation7 of you in euery place, therefore chil8 giue you Twentie nobles9 and a weaning calfe, and when I die and my wife, you shall haue all my goods. When Jacke heard his Offer, he was straight content, making more reckoning of the womans Modestie than her fathers money; so the marriage day being appointed, all thyngs was prepared for the Wedding; most of the lords, knights, and gentlemen thereabout were inuited thereunto: the bride being attyred in a gowne of sheepes russet,10 and her head attyred with a Billiment11 of gold, and her haire as yellow as gold hanging downe behinde her. Shee was led to church betweene two sweete boyes with bride laces and rosemary tied about their silken sleeues. 1flockes, woad and madder, kersies: terms related to the woollen industry 2drest: prepared for use 3I wis: indeed (obsolete adverb) 4che zee: phonetic spelling to reflect pronunciation - I see 5bominable: clipping of ‘abominable’ 6cham: phonetic spelling to reflect pronunciation - I am 7condemnation: mistaken use of a similar sounding word - commendation (praise) 8chil: phonetic spelling to reflect pronunciation - I will 9nobles: gold coins 10sheepes russet: plain woollen cloth 11Billiment: decorative edging sewn onto headdresses © WJEC CBAC Ltd. 5 10 15 20 25 Turn over. (A700U20-1) 5 TEXT B: from Great Expectations, a novel by Charles Dickens (1861) “Joe, how are you, Joe?” “Pip, how AIR you, Pip?” With his good honest face all glowing and shining, and his hat put down on the floor between us, he caught both my hands and worked them straight up and down, as if I had been the last- patented Pump. “I am glad to see you, Joe. Give me your hat.” But Joe, taking it up carefully with both hands, like a bird’s-nest with eggs in it, wouldn’t hear of parting with that piece of property, and persisted in standing talking over it in a most uncomfortable way. “Which you have that growed,” said Joe, “and that swelled, and that gentle-folked;” Joe considered a little before he discovered this word; “as to be sure you are a honour to your king and country.” “And you, Joe, look wonderfully well.” “Thank God,” said Joe, “I’m ekerval1 to most. And your sister, she’s no worse than she were. And all friends is no backerder, if not no forarder.2 ‘Ceptin3 Wopsle; he’s had a drop.” 4 All this time (still with both hands taking great care of the bird’s-nest), Joe was rolling his eyes round and round the room, and round and round the flowered pattern of my dressing-gown. “Had a drop, Joe?” “Why yes,” said Joe, lowering his voice, “he’s left the Church and went into the playacting.” A ghost-seeing effect in Joe’s own countenance informed me that Herbert had entered the room. So I presented Joe to Herbert, who held out his hand; but Joe backed from it. “Your servant, Sir,” said Joe, “which I hope as you and Pip—I meantersay, you two gentlemen— which I hope as you get your elths in this close5 spot? For the present may be a werry good inn, according to London opinions,” said Joe, confidentially, “and I believe its character do stand it; but I wouldn’t keep a pig in it myself.” “Do you take tea, or coffee, Mr. Gargery?” asked Herbert. “Thankee, Sir,” said Joe, stiff from head to foot, “I’ll take whichever is most agreeable to yourself.” 1ekerval: equal 2no backerder … no forarder: no more backward … no more forward (no worse off or better off) 3‘Ceptin: Except for 4a drop: a fall in social status 5close: airless and humid; unhealthy © WJEC CBAC Ltd. 5 10 15 20 25 (A700U20-1) 6 TEXT C: from Pigeon English, a novel by Stephen Kelman (2011) We always go to the market on Saturday. It’s all outside so you get proper cold waiting for Mamma to pay, you have to keep your mouth closed to stop your teeth escaping. It’s only even worth it for all the dope-fine1 things you can look at like a remote-control car, or a samurai sword (it’s only made from wood but it’s proper hutious.2 If I had the means I’d buy it like that, I’d use it to chase the invaders away). My favourite shop is the sweets shop. It sells every kind of Haribo you can think of. It’s my ambition to try every style there is. So far I’ve tried about half. Haribo comes in a million different shapes. Whatever there is in the world, there’s a chewy Haribo version of it. Asweh,3 it’s true. They make cola bottles, worms, milkshakes, teddy bears, crocodiles, fried eggs, dummies, fangs, cherries, frogs, and millions more. Cola bottles are the best. [text omitted] The launderette is a shop just for washing machines. It’s at the bottom of Luxembourg House. The washing machines don’t belong to any one person, they’re for everybody who lives in the flats. You have to pay them money to make them work. Every machine is big enough to fit a person inside. One day I’m going to try it. I’m going to sleep inside it, it’s one of my alltime ambitions. [text omitted] I swear by God, I thought I was dreaming at first. It didn’t even feel real. I thought under the ground was just mud and bones and the creatures who live there, when I saw the tunnels and all the lights and people, I just had to pinch myself. There was even a man playing a violin. He had long hair in a ponytail even if he was a man. Asweh, the whole thing just felt brutal.4 Have you ever been on the tube? There’s a million people everywhere all going too fast. They don’t talk to you, they just chook5 you out of the way with their elbows. The stairs you go down are moving, they’re the same as the ones at the airport. You can pretend like it’s asasabonsam’s teeth6 trying to eat you. I wanted to run through the tunnel but there were too many people in the way. I just made an echo instead. I made the loudest echo I could and made it last for donkey hours: Me: ‘We are in the tuuuuuuuuuuuube!’ It felt brutal. Everybody jumped. 1dope-fine: awesome, cool 2hutious: scary, frightening 3Asweh: I swear 4brutal: exciting, fun 5chook: jab 6asasabonsam’s teeth: a vampire-like monster in West African folklore © WJEC CBAC Ltd. 5 10 15 20 25 (A700U20-1) 7 Section B: English in the Twenty-First Century Read the following set of data which gives examples of posts on a BBC Sport Online comment thread, and answer the compulsory question below. The contributors were discussing a football match in which Crystal Palace (The Eagles) heavily defeated Hull City. © WJEC CBAC Ltd. TEXT 1: (POSTED BY girldancing, CRYSTAL PALACE SUPPORTER) You’ve kinda gotta feel a bit sorry for Hull. At least they tried. TEXT 2: (POSTED BY GetALife, CRITIC OF CRYSTAL PALACE FANS) How Fickle can you get, all the Palace fans wanted HIPPO HEAD out after the drubbing they got off sunderland, now you think hes the best manager going, he is a boring gum chewing greedy cheat. its people like him what give football a bad name should never of been allowed back in football TEXT 3: (POSTED BY Eagle77, CRYSTAL PALACE SUPPORTER) EEEEAAAAAAGGGGGLLLLLEEESSSSS!!!! We are PALACE super PALACE the eagles r flying high at the mo looking forward to Brighton next season now. COYP TEXT 4: (POSTED BY ithasnthappenedyet, CRITIC OF AN INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTOR) @theLegEndLad Always first on every posting (does he work at BBC???? lol) You really are pathetic. Sure HYS, but no need to be sooo arrogant. C’mon BBC, shoulda removed the comments for being off-topic. TEXT 5: (POSTED BY sports_mad, SPORTS TEACHER) I’m a Palace fan, but hope to see Hull fighting back before long. Hull suffered from two consecutive matches where they simply imploded within their play. V. careless errors in defence. Palace soaked up any pressure and capitalised on the break. Palace, though, still need to raise their game and evaluate the toils of this season. TEXT 6: (POSTED BY bostyle55, HULL CITY SUPPORTER) Gutted, no passion, no fight, went down with a whimper ☹☹☹☹ END OF PAPER 3. In your response, you must refer to the set of data (Texts 1-6), but, in addition, you may wish to draw on your own examples. You must: • consider relevant contextual factors and language features associated with the construction of meaning • apply appropriate methods of language analysis, using associated terminology and coherent expression • demonstrate understanding of relevant language concepts and issues. Using your knowledge of twenty-first century English, analyse and evaluate the ways in which contextual factors affect the lexical and grammatical choices in posts on comment threads. [40]