13616.08RRR 15 Palm oil is used in many food products and cosmetics. (a) The fat molecule below is found in palm oil. The fatty acid in this fat is palmitic acid. (CH2)14CH3 H2C H2C C O HC (CH2)14CH3 C O (CH2)14CH3 C O O O O (i) Write an equation for the complete combustion of one mole of this fat molecule. [2] (ii) Explain whether the fat is saturated or unsaturated based on the structure. [1] (b) The fat undergoes the reaction below with ethanol. The products are labelled A and B. (CH2)14CH3 H2C H2C C O HC (CH2)14CH3 C O (CH2)14CH3 C O O O O H2C H2C OH HC OH OH 3CH3CH2OH 3CH3CH2O (CH2)14CH3 C O A B 13616.08RRR [Turn over (i) State the IUPAC name for product A. [1] (ii) Name the process occurring in this reaction. [1] (iii) State one use for product B. [1] (iv) The IUPAC name for palmitic acid is hexadecanoic acid. State the IUPAC name for product B. [1] (v) Calculate the mass of product B produced when 125 g of the fat reacts with 30.0 g of ethanol. Answer                      g [4] 13616.08RRR (c) A second fat found in palm oil is shown below. This fat may be catalytically hydrogenated. H2C H2C C O HC C O C O O O O (i) Name the catalyst used in catalytic hydrogenation. [1] (ii) Explain why fats such as this are hydrogenated. [1] 13616.08RRR BLANK PAGE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE (Questions continue overleaf) [Turn over