11177 15 Phenylethanone, C6H5COCH3, used in making resins and pharmaceuticals can be made by reacting benzene with ethanoyl chloride. (a) The reaction is described as electrophilic substitution. (i) Explain what is meant by the term electrophile. [2] (ii) Explain why the reaction is described as a substitution. [1] (b) (i) Write the equation for the formation of ethanoyl chloride from ethanoic acid. [1] (ii) Why is this reaction carried out under anhydrous conditions? [1] 11177 [Turn over (c) (i) Write an equation for the formation of the electrophile when benzene reacts with ethanoyl chloride using a catalyst. [1] (ii) Draw the mechanism for the catalysed reaction using curly arrows. [4]