4   2 Anthropogenic activities are contributing to global warming. Scientists from the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) say that changes to diet can have a major impact on greenhouse gas emissions. The method of farming affects the level of impact. The Paris Agreement of 2015 committed countries to reduce carbon emissions. (a) How many of the following statements about global warming are correct? (1) • global warming is caused by a reduction in greenhouse gases • deforestation may contribute to global warming • global warming is leading to the melting of sea ice • global warming may lead to a change in rainfall patterns • global warming is affecting only the ice caps A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 Turn over 5   (b) The table shows the mass of greenhouse gas released in the production of one serving of a variety of sources of protein. Source of protein Mass of greenhouse gas released in the production of one serving of the protein / kg Beef 7.0 Lamb 5.0 Chicken 2.5 Cheese 2.0 Tofu (from soya beans) 1.0 Nuts 0.5 (i) Explain why a diet based on plant protein produces lower greenhouse gas emissions than a diet based on animal protein. (3) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6   (ii) Beef cattle are traditionally reared by grazing on natural pastures (grassland). In recent years, large areas of rainforest have been cleared to produce beef. Explain why the farming of beef cattle on deforested land produces more greenhouse gas emissions than from those reared on natural pastures. 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(Total for Question 2 = 7 marks) Turn over 7   BLANK PAGE