Turn over 11 5 The light‑dependent stage and the light‑independent stage of photosynthesis both take place in the chloroplast. The rate of photosynthesis is affected by a number of different factors, including carbon dioxide concentration and temperature. (a) The diagram shows a chloroplast. Q R S T U V W X (i) Where does the light‑dependent stage take place? (1) A Q B T C V D X (ii) The light‑dependent stage produces hydrogen ions. Where do these hydrogen ions accumulate? (1) A Q B R C S D W (iii) Where does translation take place? (1) A Q B R C S D U 12 (b) Scientists measured the effect of two different concentrations of carbon dioxide on the rate of photosynthesis at different leaf temperatures, in one species of plant. The results are shown in the graph. 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 40 30 20 10 0 Leaf temperature / °C Rate of photosynthesis plants grown in high levels of carbon dioxide plants grown in low levels of carbon dioxide (i) Which units are suitable for measuring the rate of photosynthesis in leaves? (1) A µmol m–1 sec–1 B µmol m–1 sec–2 C µmol m–2 sec–1 D µmol m–2 sec–2 Turn over 13 (ii) Analyse the data to identify three conclusions that can be made from this graph. (3) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... (iii) Explain the effects of carbon dioxide concentration and temperature on the rate of formation of GALP. (4) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... (Total for Question 5 = 11 marks)