28 10 Farmers grow wheat plants to produce grain that is used to make flour. Farmers can use modern technology to monitor the mass and the moisture content of the grain in a field. Wheat can be sold at a higher price when it has a lower moisture content. The table shows some data recorded from a field of wheat. Plot number Moisture content of grains (%) Mass of wheat grains / tonnes per Ha 1 0.57 0.759 2 0.58 0.523 3 0.67 4.243 4 0.94 1.954 5 1.64 1.417 6 1.93 1.170 7 2.27 1.321 8 2.53 6.289 9 4.96 3.809 10 10.36 3.404 mean 2.489 (a) (i) Which of the following describes the relationship between the mass of wheat grain and the moisture content of the wheat grain? (1) A inverse correlation B negative correlation C no correlation D positive correlation (ii) Calculate the standard deviation for the mass of wheat using the formula s = Σ − − 2 ( ) 1 x x n (3) Answer .............................................................. 29 Turn over (b) Farmers use fertilisers to increase the growth of crops such as wheat. (i) Fertilisers contain phosphate ion compounds. Plants need phosphate in order to synthesise (1) A both cellulose and phospholipids B both phospholipids and polysaccharides C both polynucleotides and phospholipids D both polynucleotides and polysaccharides (ii) After the grain is harvested, farmers plough the stems (straw) from wheat plants into the soil. This improves the quality of the soil. These stems contain polysaccharides. Explain how microorganisms in the soil break down the stems. 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The following is some information on biological farming. ● Biological farming makes use of products containing fungi that can be added to soil to improve soil life. ● Soil life is essential for converting nutrients into a plant‑available form. ● Fungi form a network around the roots of plants to trap water and aid absorption of mineral ions. ● Some fungi provide protection from pathogens. Devise a procedure, using wheat seedlings, to compare the effects of a biological farming product with the use of a chemical fertiliser on the growth of plants. 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(Total for Question 10 = 14 marks) TOTAL FOR PAPER = 100 MARKS 32 BLANK PAGE