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GL-style preparation

GL Assessment 11 Plus practice for UK pupils

Build the skills tested by many grammar school entrance exams.

GL Assessment is the 11 Plus exam board used by grammar schools across Kent, Essex, Hertfordshire, Birmingham, Wolverhampton, and many other selective school areas in England and Northern Ireland, making it the most widely sat version of the 11 Plus in the country. Papers typically cover four distinct subject areas β€” Verbal Reasoning, Non-Verbal Reasoning, Mathematics, and English β€” and are sat in September or October of Year 6, with registration deadlines often falling as early as July. Applaa is a Windows and macOS desktop app that gives children structured, AI-supported practice across all four GL Assessment subject areas, with instant explanations, progress tracking, and adaptive questions designed to reflect the style and difficulty of genuine GL Assessment papers. Whether your child is just starting out in Year 4 or entering the final push in Year 6, Applaa provides calm, confidence-building preparation at whatever pace suits your family.

UK pupil practising GL Assessment 11 Plus questions
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Understanding GL Assessment: Format, Counties, and What to Expect

GL Assessment papers are used by grammar schools across a broad range of English counties, and the specific format, number of papers, and subjects tested can vary significantly depending on the local authority. In Kent, for example, children typically sit two separate papers covering Verbal Reasoning, Non-Verbal Reasoning, and Maths across a combined sitting, whilst Hertfordshire selective schools use a different combination weighted towards English and Maths alongside reasoning. Essex schools such as Chelmsford County High School for Girls and King Edward VI Grammar School in Chelmsford use GL Assessment-style papers with a strong emphasis on Verbal Reasoning and English. Understanding the precise format for your target school before beginning preparation means your child practises the right skills in the right proportions, making every revision session count rather than spreading effort too thinly.

  • βœ“Kent grammar schools β€” including Chatham Grammar, Maidstone Grammar, and The Folkestone School for Girls β€” use GL Assessment papers sat in September of Year 6
  • βœ“Hertfordshire grammar schools such as St Albans Girls' School and Watford Grammar Schools use GL Assessment tests with two separate papers
  • βœ“Essex grammar schools including Colchester Royal Grammar School and Westcliff High School for Boys require GL Assessment preparation across VR, NVR, and Maths
  • βœ“Birmingham and Wolverhampton grammar schools use GL Assessment papers typically sat in early September, with results released in October
  • βœ“GL Assessment papers are almost always multiple-choice, completed on a separate answer grid that is machine-scored β€” grid-filling accuracy matters
  • βœ“Standardised scores are calculated on a scale centred at 100, with most grammar schools setting entry thresholds between 111 and 121
  • βœ“Some GL Assessment areas add a writing task or creative English element alongside the core multiple-choice papers β€” check your school's admissions page
  • βœ“Registration deadlines for GL Assessment areas often fall in the summer term of Year 5, requiring early planning from families

Verbal Reasoning: Building the Skills GL Assessment Tests

Verbal Reasoning is a core component of almost every GL Assessment 11 Plus, testing children's ability to think logically about words, language, and written patterns. Unlike English comprehension, which rewards reading widely and absorbing vocabulary naturally, Verbal Reasoning has specific question types β€” such as coded words, letter series, word analogies, and hidden words β€” that benefit enormously from targeted, systematic practice. Many children find that once they learn the method behind each question type, their speed and accuracy improve rapidly; the challenge is that without exposure to these formats, even bright children can be caught off guard on exam day. Applaa's Verbal Reasoning practice introduces each question type methodically, with AI explanations that teach the underlying rule rather than just marking the answer right or wrong.

  • βœ“GL Assessment VR includes up to 21 distinct question types β€” including compound words, letter codes, word connections, and number series
  • βœ“Synonym and antonym questions reward a broad vocabulary built steadily over months rather than last-minute word lists
  • βœ“Coded word questions (e.g. if CAT = 3-1-20, what is DOG?) require children to apply consistent logical rules quickly under timed conditions
  • βœ“Hidden word questions ask children to find a four-letter word concealed at the boundary between two words in a sentence β€” a format that needs practice to spot quickly
  • βœ“Letter series questions follow the same logical structure as number sequences but require children to think in terms of alphabet position
  • βœ“Applaa presents VR question types individually at first, building confidence before introducing mixed-paper timed practice
  • βœ“Children who read widely for pleasure from Year 3 onwards tend to find GL Assessment VR significantly more accessible β€” vocabulary is foundational
  • βœ“Timed VR practice from around 12 months before the exam builds the processing speed the actual papers demand, typically allowing around 50–60 questions in 50 minutes

Non-Verbal Reasoning: Demystifying the Most Unfamiliar Subject

Non-Verbal Reasoning (NVR) is the subject area most likely to surprise children and parents during 11 Plus preparation, precisely because it does not appear on the primary school curriculum and many children have never encountered it before starting exam preparation. GL Assessment NVR tests a child's ability to identify patterns, complete sequences, recognise relationships between shapes, and manipulate visual information mentally β€” skills that are closely related to spatial intelligence and abstract thinking. The good news is that NVR is highly teachable: children who work through the question types systematically, learning the rules and conventions of each format, typically see rapid score improvements. Consistent, short NVR practice sessions two to three times per week over six to twelve months is a proven approach for building the confidence and speed the exam requires.

  • βœ“GL Assessment NVR covers question types including complete the series, find the odd one out, analogies with shapes, reflection and rotation, nets of 3D shapes, and matrices
  • βœ“Complete the series questions require children to identify which shape comes next in a sequence by tracking changes in size, shading, rotation, or number of elements
  • βœ“Matrices (grids of shapes with one missing) are among the most common NVR question types and reward a methodical row-by-row and column-by-column checking approach
  • βœ“Reflection and rotation questions test mental spatial manipulation β€” children who struggle initially often improve significantly with targeted grid-based drawing practice
  • βœ“Nets and 3D shape questions appear in some GL Assessment papers and benefit from hands-on practice with physical nets before moving to paper-based questions
  • βœ“Applaa's NVR practice uses clear visual diagrams and step-by-step AI explanations to walk children through the reasoning process for each question type
  • βœ“Children in Year 4 or early Year 5 can begin NVR familiarisation with untimed exploratory practice before introducing the pressure of exam-paced timing
  • βœ“Tracking NVR progress separately from other subjects helps identify whether a child needs more exposure to specific sub-types such as rotation versus analogy questions

Maths and English: Securing the Core GL Assessment Subjects

Whilst Verbal and Non-Verbal Reasoning often receive the most attention in 11 Plus preparation, Maths and English are equally important components of GL Assessment papers and can significantly influence a child's overall standardised score. GL Assessment Maths typically covers upper Key Stage 2 content β€” including fractions, decimals, percentages, ratio, algebra basics, geometry, and data handling β€” and requires both accuracy and speed, as papers are timed. English papers usually include a reading comprehension passage with questions testing inference, retrieval, and vocabulary in context, and some areas also include a grammar and punctuation section or a short writing task. Ensuring children have a solid foundation in both subjects before layering on exam technique gives them the confidence to approach papers calmly rather than encountering curriculum gaps for the first time under exam conditions.

  • βœ“GL Assessment Maths covers the full upper KS2 curriculum including fractions, decimals, percentages, long multiplication and division, area and perimeter, and basic probability
  • βœ“Mental arithmetic fluency β€” rapid recall of times tables, square numbers, and fraction-decimal-percentage equivalents β€” is essential for the timed Maths paper
  • βœ“Word problems in GL Assessment Maths require children to extract and apply mathematical information from a sentence or short paragraph, combining reading and numeracy skills
  • βœ“GL Assessment English comprehension passages are typically 400–700 words in length and test retrieval, inference, word meaning in context, and authorial intent
  • βœ“Grammar and punctuation questions in GL Assessment English cover SPaG content including apostrophes, speech marks, subordinate clauses, and verb tenses at KS2 level
  • βœ“Applaa's Maths practice adapts to each child's current level, identifying gaps in curriculum knowledge and reinforcing them before introducing exam-style timed questions
  • βœ“English vocabulary building β€” through wide reading, word-a-day habits, and targeted practice β€” directly improves both English comprehension and Verbal Reasoning scores simultaneously
  • βœ“Past paper analysis (identifying which topics a child consistently drops marks on) is the most efficient way to focus the final 8–12 weeks of Maths and English revision

Planning Your Child's GL Assessment Preparation: A Month-by-Month Approach

Effective 11 Plus preparation for GL Assessment is not about intensity β€” it is about consistency, pacing, and ensuring your child enters the exam hall feeling familiar with every question type they are likely to encounter. A well-structured timeline starting in Year 4 or early Year 5 allows children to build skills gradually, avoid burnout, and develop the resilience to work through mistakes calmly rather than becoming discouraged. The final 8 to 12 weeks before the September exam date should shift focus towards timed, full-paper practice under realistic conditions, allowing children to build stamina and refine their time management. Throughout the process, maintaining a positive, low-pressure attitude at home β€” treating practice as a normal part of the week rather than a high-stakes event β€” is one of the most significant factors in how children perform on the day.

  • βœ“Year 4 (early preparation): focus on reading for pleasure, times tables mastery, and first exposure to VR and NVR question types in an untimed, exploratory way
  • βœ“Year 5, September–December: introduce structured weekly practice across all four GL Assessment subject areas, building familiarity with question formats
  • βœ“Year 5, January–July: increase session frequency to four or five times per week, introduce timed sections, and identify weaker subject areas for extra focus
  • βœ“Year 6, September–January (pre-exam): shift to full timed papers twice per week, review every error with detailed explanation, and simulate exam morning conditions periodically
  • βœ“Registration and admin: most GL Assessment areas open registration in May or June of Year 5 β€” missing the deadline can mean missing the exam entirely, so add it to your calendar early
  • βœ“Rest and wellbeing: build in at least two full rest days per week throughout preparation and a complete rest period two or three days before the exam
  • βœ“Mock exams: sitting full GL Assessment mock papers in realistic conditions (timed, quiet room, answer grid) 6–8 weeks before the real exam is one of the highest-value preparation activities
  • βœ“On exam day: ensure your child has eaten well, is rested, has their pencils and an approved watch, and knows the format of each paper they will sit that day

Practical plan

GL summer prep checklist

Step 1

Create a baseline in Maths, English, VR and NVR.

Step 2

Build a weekly weak-topic list.

Step 3

Practise speed only after accuracy improves.

Step 4

Use one full mock near the end of each week.

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Frequently asked questions

What is GL Assessment and which grammar schools use these papers?

GL Assessment (formerly Granada Learning) is one of the two main 11 Plus exam providers used across England. Grammar schools in Kent, Essex, Hertfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Birmingham, Wolverhampton, and many selective schools in Northern Ireland use GL Assessment-style papers. Unlike the CEM board, GL Assessment papers tend to have a more traditional format with standardised question types across Verbal Reasoning, Non-Verbal Reasoning, Maths, and English. Checking the admissions policy on your specific school's website is always the best first step, as formats can vary even within the same county.

How is GL Assessment different from CEM 11 Plus papers?

GL Assessment papers are generally considered more predictable in structure, with clearly defined question types such as analogies, coded sequences, and synonyms appearing in a consistent format year on year. CEM (Centre for Evaluation and Monitoring, used by Durham University) tends to mix question types across papers and places a greater emphasis on speed and vocabulary breadth. GL Assessment usually tests Verbal Reasoning, Non-Verbal Reasoning, Maths, and English as distinct papers, whereas CEM often combines subjects. Many families find that GL Assessment rewards thorough, systematic practice β€” which is why structured preparation from Year 4 onwards is particularly effective.

When should my child start preparing for a GL Assessment 11 Plus exam?

Most educational specialists recommend beginning structured practice no later than the start of Year 5, giving children roughly 12 to 18 months of consistent preparation before sitting the exam in September or October of Year 6. Some families in highly competitive areas such as Kent or Hertfordshire begin light-touch familiarisation in Year 4 to build vocabulary and reasoning habits gradually. Starting early reduces pressure and allows children to develop confidence across all four subject areas rather than cramming in the final months. Little and often β€” around 20 to 30 minutes of focused practice four or five times per week β€” is consistently more effective than sporadic intensive sessions.

What are the four main subject areas tested in GL Assessment papers?

GL Assessment typically assesses children across four areas: Verbal Reasoning (word relationships, analogies, missing letters, coded words), Non-Verbal Reasoning (shapes, sequences, matrices, spatial patterns), Mathematics (arithmetic, fractions, problem-solving, data handling up to upper Key Stage 2 level), and English (comprehension, grammar, punctuation, and sometimes creative writing). Each area requires a different type of thinking and benefits from targeted practice rather than generic revision. Some schools test all four in a single sitting whilst others split papers across two separate sessions. Always check the specific format for your target school, as weighting and timing can differ.

How long are GL Assessment 11 Plus papers and how are they scored?

Individual GL Assessment papers typically run between 45 and 50 minutes each, though the exact timing varies by local authority and school. Most are multiple-choice, completed on an answer sheet that is scanned and marked electronically, which means accuracy in filling in the grid matters as much as getting the right answer. Raw scores are converted to standardised scores (with a mean of 100 and standard deviation of 15), allowing fair comparison between children born at different times of the academic year. Many grammar schools set a pass mark in the range of 111 to 121 standardised score, though highly competitive schools in areas like Kent can require scores well above this threshold.

Does Applaa cover all four GL Assessment subject areas?

Yes β€” Applaa's 11 Plus practice includes dedicated content across Maths, English, Verbal Reasoning, and Non-Verbal Reasoning, covering the core skill areas families need for GL Assessment-style preparation. Questions are designed to reflect the style and difficulty of genuine GL Assessment papers, helping children become familiar with question formats before exam day. Applaa's AI tutors provide immediate, detailed explanations when a child gets an answer wrong, helping them understand the underlying reasoning rather than simply moving on. Progress tracking means parents can see which subject areas need more attention and adjust their child's practice plan accordingly.

Can Applaa help children who find Non-Verbal Reasoning particularly difficult?

Non-Verbal Reasoning is often the subject children find most unfamiliar because it is not directly taught in primary school, making dedicated practice especially important. Applaa includes structured NVR content covering common GL Assessment question types such as complete the series, find the odd one out, nets and 3D shapes, and matrices. The AI tutor walks children through the spatial and logical rules behind each question type, building a reliable method rather than encouraging guesswork. Regular short sessions focused specifically on NVR in the months leading up to the exam can produce significant score improvements, as children internalise the pattern-recognition skills the exam requires.

Is Applaa suitable for children in Year 4 as an early preparation tool?

Applaa works well as a gentle introduction for Year 4 children, particularly for building vocabulary, mental maths fluency, and early familiarity with reasoning question types without the pressure of timed practice. At this stage the goal is to make the subject matter feel familiar and interesting rather than to drill exam technique. Year 4 children can use Applaa's Maths and English practice to consolidate curriculum knowledge, whilst beginning to explore Verbal and Non-Verbal Reasoning question formats in an untimed, exploratory way. As Year 5 begins, practice can become more structured and timed to build the speed and stamina the exam demands.